著者

Lande Aasulv

出版者

Doshisha University Center for Interdisciplinary Study of Monotheistic Religions (CISMOR)

雑誌

Journal of the interdisciplinary study of monotheistic religions : JISMOR (ISSN:18801080)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.4, pp.1-10, 2008-02-29

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The early Japanese Christian leader, Uchimura Kanzo, experienced Shinto a century ago as disturbingly polytheistic. There is no reason to doubt the sincerity of his experience and thought. But in my view, there already existed in his time a monotheist Shinto. It later changed character, but I argue that Shinto is still an inclusive, narrow monotheist religious cult. In modern Shinto, divine power includes some and suppresses other cosmic powers. An Emperor-centered monotheism with a universal scope emerged during early modernity. Shinto retained its inclusive monotheism after the Shinto Directive of 1945, but the privatization of emperor veneration has reduced Shinto to a norm for the Japanese people, even if a potential universality is still expressed. Postmodern Shinto dresses its universality in individual and varied coats, transcending the boundaries of Japanese nationality. New Shinto is in my view not polytheistic. However, its inclusive, monotheist universalism is transformed onto a purely spiritual and individualized level.

著者

勝又 悦子 Etsuko Katsumata

出版者

Doshisha University Center for Interdisciplinary Study of Monotheistic Religions (CISMOR)

雑誌

Journal of the interdisciplinary study of monotheistic religions : JISMOR (ISSN:18801080)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.14, pp.27-44, 2019

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本稿では、herut(自由)、支配者像、デモクラシーの語源でもあるdimosディモス(民)の用法分析を通して、ラビ文献においてデモクラシーの源流が観察されるか否かを考察する。個人としての完全な自由や支配者と大衆の完全な平等主義が当然とされている様相を見出すことはできない。むしろ、自由とは、何かしら法規によって限定されるものであり、支配者は支配者然として行動することが要望されていることが窺われる。さらに、本論を通して窺えるのは、ユダヤ文学においては、ディモスという術語から民主主義に関する議論が誘発される気配はないということである。それゆえ、19世紀のドイツユダヤ学の学者がしばしばそうしてきたようにユダヤ教と理想的な民主的なユダヤ教を同一視する傾向には十分注意する必要がある。

著者

Nakata Hassan Ko

出版者

同志社大学

雑誌

Journal of the interdisciplinary study of monotheistic religions : JISMOR (ISSN:18801080)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.6, pp.67-86, 2010

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The concept of the Sunni caliphate is self-defined as the notion that a caliph is selected by the people (ikhtiyar) and is based on the denial of the concept of the Shiite Imamate that an imam is appointed by God (nass). In today's academic society in the field of Islamic politics, Sunni political scholars, by taking this notion of the caliphate as a starting point, attempt to position the caliphate system as a variant of the Western democracy that selects leaders through election. On the other hand, the Western scholars criticize the caliphate system as a form of dictatorship on several grounds, including the lifetime tenure of the caliph. This paper aims to deconstruct the concept of the Sunni caliphate in the context of globalism and to redefine it as "a mechanism to bring about the Rule of Law on Earth," taking hints from the thought of Ibn Taymiyah(d.1328), who reconstructed the concept of Islamic politics as "politics based on Shari'ah" by shifting the focus of the concept of Islamic politics from a caliphate to Shari'ah (≒Islamic law). If the caliphate system is to be understood as "a mechanism to bring about the Rule of Law on Earth," we should be aware that the concepts (such as democracy and dictatorship) of modern Western political science originate in the Western tradition dating from the age of ancient Greece, which regards politics as a means to rule people by people. With this recognition in mind, this paper attempts to shed light on the unique features of Islamic political thought by carrying out a "triangular survey" on the political thoughts of the Islamic and Western worlds, as well as the Chinese world.